Land entry in North Dakota was based either on cash payment for the land (cash entries), or on conditions of settlement (homesteads after 1862). The local land offices kept tract books (recording transactions for each section of land), and township plats (maps of land entries for each township). The first General Land Office was established at Pembina in 1870. Available land was surveyed into townships and transferred to private ownership through a process called land entry. The federal government administered the land through the General Land Office. When the United States acquired North Dakota, most of the land became part of the public domain.
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